This book offers a comprehensive exploration of brain tumorss, beginning with a foundational understanding of their pathophysiology and extending through the latest advancements in diagnosis and treatment. The chapters examine the underlying mechanisms that drive the development and progression of brain tumors and present a detailed analysis of the incidence, distribution, and potential risk factors associated with brain tumor. The book explores the intricate relationship between brain tumors and visual disorders and reviews the critical role of advanced imaging technologies in diagnosing brain tumor, evaluating the strengths and limitations of various modalities such as MRI and PET scans. Additionally, the book evaluates the effectiveness and precision of radiosurgery in targeting brain tumors, discussing its benefits and challenges in the context of non-invasive cancer treatment. The chapter also introduces antisense oligonucleotides as a novel therapeutic strategy, outlining their mechanism of action and potential to silence cancer-driving genes. It highlights the latest developments in nanotechnology for brain tumor diagnosis, emphasizing the use of nanomaterials to enhance imaging quality and specificity. Towards the end, the book covers challenges and strategies of delivering therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier and discusses phytochemicals in brain tumor treatment. This book serves as a useful source for researchers, and students in oncology and neuroscience.