This new edition aims to provide comprehensive, state-of-the-art information about the recent developments in the areas of technology, robotic systems, Uro-Oncology, Reconstructive Urology, Pediatric Urology, Robotic Renal Transplant and Female Urology. New topics include the adaptation of simulators, training programs, standardized credentialing, evidence-based practice, as well as the economics of robotic surgery. The impact on public and global health will also be covered. Robot-assisted laparoscopic urologic surgery is a major evolution in the field of roboticassisted surgery, and has now become a major sub-specialty. It was first performed in 2000 and the last fifteen years have been testimony to its exponential growth and overwhelming adoption by surgeons and patients across the world. In this book, the editors want to educate, simulate and expand practice and research activities, ultimately impacting on excellence in patient care.